Rabu, 06 Januari 2016

Biografi Singkat Kahlil Gibran

Kahlil gibran adalah senimanpenyair, dan penulis Lebanon-Amerika. Ia lahir di Lebanon (saat itu masuk Provinsi Suriah di bawah Khilafah Turki Utsmani) dan menghabiskan sebagian besar masa produktifnya di Amerika Serikat.

Kehidupan Awal sang seniman pada saat di Lebanon...


Khalil Gibran lahir di Basyari, Lebanon dari keluarga Katolik Maronit. Basyari sendiri merupakan daerah yang sering sekali didatangi badai,gempa serta petir. Sehingga tak heran bila sejak kecil, mata Gibran sudah terbiasa menangkap fenomena-fenomena alam tersebut. Inilah yang nantinya banyak memengaruhi tulisan-tulisannya tentang alam.

Pada usia 10 tahun, bersama ibu dan kedua adik perempuannya, Gibran pindah ke Boston, Massachusetts, Amerika Serikat. Tak heran bila kemudian Gibran kecil mengalami kejutan budaya, seperti yang banyak dialami oleh para imigran lain yang berhamburan datang ke Amerika Serikat pada akhir abad ke-19. Keceriaan Gibran di bangku sekolah umum di Boston, diisi dengan masa akulturasinya maka bahasa dan gayanya dibentuk oleh corak kehidupan Amerika. Namun, proses Amerikanisasi Gibran hanya berlangsung selama tiga tahun karena setelah itu dia kembali ke Beirut, di mana dia belajar di College de la Sagasse sekolah tinggi Katolik Maronit sejak tahun 1899 sampai 1902.

Selama awal masa remaja, visinya tentang tanah kelahiran dan masa depannya mulai terbentuk. Kesultanan Usmaniyah yang sudah lemah, sifat munafik organisasi gereja, dan peran kaum wanita Asia Barat yang sekadar sebagai pengabdi, mengilhami cara pandangnya yang kemudian dituangkan ke dalam karya-karyanya yang berbahasa Arab.

Gibran meninggalkan tanah airnya lagi saat ia berusia 19 tahun, namun ingatannya tak pernah bisa lepas dari Lebanon. Lebanon sudah menjadi inspirasinya. Di Boston dia menulis tentang negerinya itu untuk mengekspresikan dirinya. Ini yang kemudian justru memberinya kebebasan untuk menyatukan 2 pengalaman budayanya yang berbeda menjadi satu.

Karya yang paling saya sukai dari khalil gibran adalah sang nabi, yang dirilis dalam bahasa amerika berjudul "The Prophet" berikut dibawah ini adalah potongan dari syair the prophet yang saya milikki dalam bentuk .pdf : 
The Coming of The Ship
 Almustafa, the chosen and the beloved, who was a dawn unto his own day, had waited twelve years in the city of Orphalese for his ship that was to return and bear him back to the isle of his birth. 
      And in the twelfth year, on the seventh day of Ielool, the month of reaping, he climbed the hill without the city walls and looked seaward; and he beheld the ship coming with the mist.
      Then the gates of his heart were flung open, and his joy flew far over the sea. And he closed his eyes and prayed in the silences of his soul. 
      But he descended the hill, a sadness came upon him, and he thought in his heart: How shall I go in peace and without sorrow? Nay, not without a wound in the spirit shall I leave this city. 
      Long were the days of pain I have spent within its walls, and long were the nights of aloneness; and who can depart from his pain and his aloneness without regret? 
      Too many fragments of the spirit have I scattered in these streets, and too many are the children of my longing that walk naked among these hills, and I cannot withdraw from them without a burden and an ache. 
      It is not a garment I cast off this day, but a skin that I tear with my own hands. Nor is it a thought I leave behind me, but a heart made sweet with hunger and with thirst. 
      Yet I cannot tarry longer. The sea that calls all things unto her calls me, and I must embark. For to stay, though the hours burn in the night, is to freeze and crystallize and be bound in a mould. 
      Fain would I take with me all that is here. But how shall I? 
      A voice cannot carry the tongue and the lips that give it wings. Alone must it seek the ether. 
      And alone and without his nest shall the eagle fly across the sun. 
      Now when he reached the foot of the hill, he turned again towards the sea, and he saw his ship approaching the harbour, and upon her prow the mariners, the men of his own land. 
      And his soul cried out to them, and he said: 
      Sons of my ancient mother, you riders of the tides, 
      How often have you sailed in my dreams. And now you come in my awakening, which is my deeper dream. 
      Ready am I to go, and my eagerness with sails full set awaits the wind. 
      Only another breath will I breathe in this still air, only another loving look cast backward, 
      Then I shall stand among you, a seafarer among seafarers. 
      And you, vast sea, sleepless mother, Who alone are peace and freedom to the river and the stream, 
      Only another winding will this stream make, only another murmur in this glade, And then shall I come to you, a boundless drop to a boundless ocean. 
      And as he walked he saw from afar men and women leaving their fields and their vineyards and hastening towards the city gates. 
      And he heard their voices calling his name, and shouting from the field to field telling one another of the coming of the ship. 
      And he said to himself: 
      Shall the day of parting be the day of gathering? 
      And shall it be said that my eve was in truth my dawn? 
      And what shall I give unto him who has left his plough in midfurrow, or to him who has stopped the wheel of his winepress? 
      Shall my heart become a tree heavy-laden with fruit that I may gather and give unto them? 
      And shall my desires flow like a fountain that I may fill their cups? 
      Am I a harp that the hand of the mighty may touch me, or a flute that his breath may pass through me? 
      A seeker of silences am I, and what treasure have I found in silences that I may dispense with confidence? 
      If this is my day of harvest, in what fields have I sowed the seed, and in what unrembered seasons? 
      If this indeed be the our in which I lift up my lantern, it is not my flame that shall burn therein. 
      Empty and dark shall I raise my lantern, 
      And the guardian of the night shall fill it with oil and he shall light it also. 
      These things he said in words. But much in his heart remained unsaid. For he himself could not speak his deeper secret. 
      And when he entered into the city all the people came to meet him, and they were crying out to him as with one voice. 
      And the elders of the city stood forth and said: 
      Go not yet away from us. 
      A noontide have you been in our twilight, and your youth has given us dreams to dream. 
      No stranger are you among us, nor a guest, but our son and our dearly beloved. Suffer not yet our eyes to hunger for your face. 
      And the priests and the priestesses said unto him: 
      Let not the waves of the sea separate us now, and the years you have spent in our midst become a memory. 
      You have walked among us a spirit, and your shadow has been a light upon our faces. 
      Much have we loved you. But speechless was our love, and with veils has it been veiled. Yet now it cries aloud unto you, and would stand revealed before you. 
      And ever has it been that love knows not its own depth until the hour of separation. 
      And others came also and entreated him. 
      But he answered them not. He only bent his head; and those who stood near saw his tears falling upon his breast. 
      And he and the people proceeded towards the great square before the temple. And there came out of the sanctuary a woman whose name was Almitra. And she was a seeress. 
      And he looked upon her with exceeding tenderness, for it was she who had first sought and believed in him when he had been but a day in their city. 
      And she hailed him, saying: Prophet of God, in quest for the uttermost, long have you searched the distances for your ship. 
      And now your ship has come, and you must needs go. 
      Deep is your longing for the land of your memories and the dwelling place of your greater desires; and our love would not bind you nor our needs hold you. 
      Yet this we ask ere you leave us, that you speak to us and give us of your truth. And we will give it unto our children, and they unto their children, and it shall not perish. 
      In your aloneness you have watched with our days, and in your wakefulness you have listened to the weeping and the laughter of our sleep. 
      Now therefore disclose us to ourselves, and tell us all that has been shown you of that which is between birth and death. 
      And he answered, 
      People of Orphalese, of what can I speak save of that which is even now moving your souls?

Kahlil Gibran merupakan penyair dan author, serta seniman kesukaan saya, kata - katanya benar benar berani dan tebal, serta menusuk dan bermakna dalam, dan tidak ada keraguan dalam kalimatnya, serta menuliskan kalimat dengan pemilihan kata - kata yang sangat berhati hati dalam pemahamannya.